Julio G. MORA1
Susanne SCHWAB2
1TUM School of Education, Technische Universität
München, Munich, Germany
2Department of Education, University of Bielefeld,
Germany
Recived: 26.01.2016
Accepted: 28.02.2016
Scientific article
Citation: Gebhardt M, Mora JG, Schwab S. Physical diabillity, stigma, and physical activity in children: a replica study. J Spec Educ Rehab 2016; 17(1-2):101-117.
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.19057/jser.2016.6
Abstract
Introduction: Stereotypes can be reduced through positive descriptions. A stigma that able-bodied adults have towards children with physical disability can be reduced when the child is portrayed as being active. The study found out that a sporty active child, who uses a wheelchair, is perceived as more competent than the sporty active able-bodied child.
Objective: This study is a replica study to support the hypotheses and to examine the stereotypes of able-bodied adults towards children with and without (physical) disabilities.
Methods: This study presents two experimental replica studies using a 2 (physical activity) x 2 (sporty activities). The dependent variables were the perception of competencies and warmth according to Stereotype Content Model (SCM). Study 1 is an online experiment with 355 students of the Open University of Hagen. Study 2 surveys 1176 participants (from Munich and Graz) with a paper-pencil-questionnaire.
Results: The significant interaction effect was not supported by our studies.
The sporty able-bodied child was rated higher in competences than the sporty child, who use a wheelchair. Sporting activity only reduces the stigma towards children with a physical disability slightly.
Conclusion: The stigma towards children with physical disability can be reduced when the child is portrayed as being active, but the effect was not strong enough to chance the original classification by the SCM.
Keywords: physical disability, stigma, sport, stereo content model, replica study
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